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Court Roll 1349-50: The Black Death
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Hugh del Wodlathes does not prosecute against William Hyne and Adam Gybson in a plea of debt. Therefore he is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 6d
John de Tothill, suitor, does not come to make his suit. Therefore he is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 6d
William de Wath, suitor, for same is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 3d
John Nelson, suitor, for the same in.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 6d
Cecily Hare, plaintiff, and William de Sywardthorp are agreed in a plea of trespass. And the said William puts himself [in mercy].
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
Richard, son of Anabel, plaintiff, and John, son of vicar of Bramley, are agreed in a plea of debt. And the said John puts himself [in mercy].
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
Nicholas Walays acknowledges himself indebted to Laurence Ponay for 20s. Therefore he to make satisfaction thereafter and in mercy.
Relief- Relief. A payment, varying in value and kind according to rank and tenure, made to the overlord by the heir of a customary tenant on taking up possession of the vacant estate.
close 19 1/2d
Fealty- Fealty. The recognition of the obligation of fidelity on the part of a feudal tenant or vassal to his lord.
close
Constance and Alice, daughters and heirs of Richard de Brounlay, come into this court and acknowledge themselves to hold of the lord 13 acres of land, for services of 19 1/2d and for suit of court every three weeks, and do fealty. And they give to the lord for this reason. And they make contibution for the said suit of court with Joan, who was wife of Robert Tayllor.
: more on recto following
Haukeston, steward, J. de Leysingcrofte deputy
Still the court held at Conisbrough Tuesday the 8th day of December in the 23rd year of the reign of King Edward III after the conquest
Conisbrough
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 3d
It is found by inquisition that Nicholas Walays unjustly detained from Beatrice, widow of John Souter, 8d for shoes. Therefore he to make satisfaction and is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
The same Nicholas did not deny that he unjustly detained of the said Beatrice one trough worth 12d. Therefore he to make satisfaction in respect thereof and is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
The same Nicholas for false claim against John Colyer in a plea of debt, in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 4d
It is found by inquisition that John Wegge unjustly detained of John, son of Alan Bene, an empty house valued at 5s. Therefore he to make satisfaction in respect thereof and is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 1d
John Oke did not deny that he broke against Nicholas Cody and William, son of Peter in this, that he did not keep his beasts just as was agreed to inclose them. Therefore it is agreed that the said John keep his beasts just as was permitted to him. And he is in mercy.
Clifton
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
Inigo de Steresthorp, plaintiff, and Henry Barnfader are agreed in a plea of trespass. And the said Henry puts himself [in mercy].
Fine- Fine. A fee (as distinguished from the rent) paid by the tenant or vassal to the landlord on some alteration of the tenancy, as on the transfer or alienation of the tenant-right, etc. A fee or charge paid for any privilege.
close for land
Fine- Fine. A fee (as distinguished from the rent) paid by the tenant or vassal to the landlord on some alteration of the tenancy, as on the transfer or alienation of the tenant-right, etc. A fee or charge paid for any privilege.
close 3d
William, son of John de Bergh, gives to the lord for licence to hold three acres of land with appurtenances in Clifton of William, son of Robert, son of Cristerian, to hold, himself and his heirs, until the term of six years next following are fully completed.
Conisbrough
Fine- Fine. A fee (as distinguished from the rent) paid by the tenant or vassal to the landlord on some alteration of the tenancy, as on the transfer or alienation of the tenant-right, etc. A fee or charge paid for any privilege.
close 6d
William, son of John de Halyfax, gives to the lord for licence to heriot one messuage and five acres and a half with appurtenances in Conisbrough after the death of the said John, his father, whose heir he himself is, to hold, himself and his heirs, according to the custom of the manor, etc. And because the said William is a boy under age, Joan, sister of the said William, comes and gives for having his custody until he reaches his full years.
Brewing
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
The [daughter] of Henry Heede because she did not wish to sell ale by legal measure. Therefore she is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
The wife of Richard Cody for her debt is in mercy.
Sum of this court: 6s 11 1/2d, of which upon bailiff 4s 2 1\2d
graveship of Conisbrough 2s 4d
graveship of Clifton 5d
Court held at the same place Tuesday the 29th day of December in the year aforesaid.
Bailiff- Bailiff. The agent of the lord of a manor, who collects his rents, etc.
close
Essoin- Essoin. The allegation of an excuse for non-appearance in court at the appointed time; the excuse itself. To offer an excuse for the non-appearance of (a person) in court; to excuse for absence.
close
John del Hille, defendant, against John Perkynson who puts himself by attorney in a plea of debt, through the bailiff. 2nd.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain to summon Roger Forer to answer William Coke de Tykyll who puts himself in a plea of debt.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain to summon the same Roger to answer Simon de Tykyll, chaplain, executor of the testament of Cecil Atte Gote in a plea of detention of one ox.
Conisbrough
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain just as at another time Isolda, daughter of Juliana Atte Gote, to answer William del Wod, who puts himself in a plea of debt, etc.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered just as at another time to distrain Adam Smyth, executor of the testament of John Atte Fery, to answer Idonia, who was wife of John de Butterbusk- Butterbusk. See this map of Butterbusk estate near Doncaster in the county of York; the property of J Battie esq surveyed by W Fairbank junior 1755. Click for a larger image.
close, in a plea of debt.
Compurgation
William de Oryliens has a day to the next [court] to produce his compurgators that in no other way has he acted with John de Vesey to do the threshing except for the week and to have his pay on Saturday or at the end of the week. Pledge- Pledge. A person who becomes surety for another; a bail; a surety; a member of a frank-pledge.
close of compurgation Alan de Vesey.
More information...
Threshing. In addition to the labour services
owed by tenants, the manor employed people for some tasks. Here there is a
disagreement between John de Vesey (the bailiff) and William de Orlyiens, who
has been hired to do some threshing, over the terms of the
contract.
close
Essoin- Essoin. The allegation of an excuse for non-appearance in court at the appointed time; the excuse itself. To offer an excuse for the non-appearance of (a person) in court; to excuse for absence.
close
John Daynill, defendant, against Agnes, daughter of Walter Bateman, executrix of the testament of the same Walter, who puts herself in a plea of trespass through Thomas de [...]. 2nd
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain to summon Richard Milner to answer Adam Cofote in a plea of debt, etc.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain Nicholas Walays to answer John Atte Fery in a plea of debt, etc.
Resummons
It is ordered to resummon William Bussel to answer Isolda Atte Barre in a plea of debt, etc.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered to distrain John Colyer, executor of the testament of John Page, to answer Alan, son of Robert Sale, in a plea of debt, etc.
Clifton
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 2d
John Perkynson, plaintiff, and William Bateson are agreed in a plea of debt. And the said William puts himself [in mercy].
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 6d
John de Tothill, suitor, does not come to make his suit. Therefore he is in mercy.
Bailiff- Bailiff. The agent of the lord of a manor, who collects his rents, etc.
close
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered still to distrain in all respects Richard de Scrop, knight, for fealty, homage and other services in arrears for his tenements in Warmsworth.
Distrain- Distrain. To constrain or force (a person), by the seizure and detention of a chattel or thing, to perform some obligation (as to pay money owed by him, to make satisfaction for some wrong done by him or by his beasts, or to perform some other act, e.g. to appear in court).
closet
It is ordered still to distrain in all respects Henry de Scrop, knight, for fealty, homage and other services in arrears for his tenements in Dalton.
Conisbrough
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 3d
It is found by inquisition that Thomas Page came into the lord's mill and in the same place made an assault on William Milner and abused him to the damage of the same William which was assessed at 3d. Therefore it is agreed that he [Thomas] in respect thereof to make satisfaction, and he is in mercy.
Amercement- Amercement. The infliction of a penalty left to the 'mercy' of the inflicter; hence the imposition of an arbitrary mulct or fine (originally lighter in amount than fines fixed for specific offences). The mulct or fine so inflicted.
close 3d
William Milner did not deny that his pigs entered the barn of Thomas Page and in the same place his corn was depastured and trampled down to the damage of the said Thomas which is assessed at 2d. Therefore he [William] to make satisfaction in respect thereof, and he is in mercy.
Bailiff- Bailiff. The agent of the lord of a manor, who collects his rents, etc.
close
Fealty- Fealty. The recognition of the obligation of fidelity on the part of a feudal tenant or vassal to his lord.
close
William, son of John Nelson, comes here in court and does fealty for one messuage and two bovates of land in Myterill, which was purchased by the said John, his father, and says that he holds the said tenements for fealty of 11s per year and suit of court here every three weeks.
Relief- Relief. A payment, varying in value and kind according to rank and tenure, made to the overlord by the heir of a customary tenant on taking up possession of the vacant estate.
close 8s
William, son of Robert de Fyninglay, under age, through John de Fynynglay his guardian, comes here in court and acknowledges himself to hold of the lord one bovate of land for services of 10s per year and another bovate for 4s per year and gives in the name of relief in respect thereof of 8s and no more because [only] one bovate was assessed at the true value.
Clifton
Merchet- Merchet. A fine paid by a tenant or bondsman to his overlord for the right to give his daughter in marriage; it could also be paid by the woman herself.
close 12d
More information...
Merchet- Merchet. A fine paid by a tenant or bondsman to his overlord for the right to give his daughter in marriage; it could also be paid by the woman herself.
close. Three women paid for licence of the lord to marry
in this year. Although this payment is often thought to have been a payment
made by fathers to enable their daughters to marry, recent studies have shown
that it was not uncommon for women to pay for their own licences. It seems that
not all villein women were required to pay a marriage fine; one suggestion is
that it was only collected from those with enough wealth to make it worth
collecting. It can be seen that the licence fees in Conisbrough in this year
were worth collecting: 12d for the two daughters of Henry Hervy and 2s for
Elizabeth Yngryth.
close
Idonia and Isolda, daughters of Henry Hervy, give for licence for right to marry themselves wherever they wish.
Bailiff- Bailiff. The agent of the lord of a manor, who collects his rents, etc.
close
Fealty- Fealty. The recognition of the obligation of fidelity on the part of a feudal tenant or vassal to his lord.
close
Fine- Fine. A fee (as distinguished from the rent) paid by the tenant or vassal to the landlord on some alteration of the tenancy, as on the transfer or alienation of the tenant-right, etc. A fee or charge paid for any privilege.
close 6s 8d
It was ordered to distrain William de Wath to make his suit in accordance with which the same William comes and enfeoffs of John, son of Robert Pereson, and Agnes his wife and William, son of the same, and the heirs of his own body lawfully begotten, three messuages and [one hundred?] acres of land in Cusworth, to hold of the chief lord of that fee, etc. And if it should happen that the said William should die without heirs of himself, that the said tenements to revert to the said William de Wath and his heirs. And the said John and Agnes did fealty and declared that the said tenements were to be held by fealty, homage and suit of court here every three weeks. And the said John gives to the lord because he should be admitted [....].
Braithwell
Heriot- Heriot. A feudal service, originally consisting of weapons, horses, and other military equipments, restored to a lord on the death of his tenant; afterwards a render of the best live beast or dead chattel of a deceased tenant due by legal custom to the lord of whom he held. Licence to heriot: payment to a lord for the right to hold a tenancy, after the death of the existing tenant, as next heir.
close 2s
John, son of John Tayllor de Brathewelle, gives to the lord for licence to heriot one messuage and one bovate of land with appurtenances in Braithwell after the death of the said John, his father, whose heir he himself is, to hold, himself and his heirs, according to the custom of the manor.
Conisbrough
Fine- Fine. A fee (as distinguished from the rent) paid by the tenant or vassal to the landlord on some alteration of the tenancy, as on the transfer or alienation of the tenant-right, etc. A fee or charge paid for any privilege.
close 12d
John Wegge gives to the lord for licence to hold seven acres and a half of land in Conisbrough of Robert, son of Nicholas, to hold, himself and his heirs, until the term of twelve years next following are fully completed.
Sum of this court: 19s 10d, of which upon bailiff 15s 2d
graveship of Clifton 14d
graveship of Conisbrough 18d
graveship of Braithwell 2s
Court held at Conisbrough Tuesday the 19th day of January in the 23rd year.
Conisbrough
Essoin- Essoin. The allegation of an excuse for non-appearance in court at the appointed time; the excuse itself. To offer an excuse for the non-appearance of (a person) in court; to excuse for absence.
close
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